![]() However, although there are many palliative therapies, such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), systemic chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, the prognosis of patients with advanced HCC or inoperability remains poor.Īmong the palliative therapeutic modalities, TACE is the current standard treatment for patients who are not candidates for curative therapies. ![]() 4 Prognosis of patients with early stage HCC or operability is relatively good due to availability of curative therapies such as surgical resection or liver transplantation, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT). A recent study reported that only 30% of patients with HCC are indicated to potentially curative treatments, even fewer in Asia. 2, 3 Thus, the number of cases of HCC with operability is very small. The reason may be associated with difficulty of detection of early HCC due to the rapidly-infiltrating growth pattern of HCC, simultaneous presence of multiple tumors, and ambiguity of HCC-related symptoms. ![]() 1 Despite the development of a number of modalities for treatment of HCC, the mortality associated with HCC is still high. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality together with lung and stomach cancers.
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March 2023
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